Censure
定义 Definition
censure 作为动词,意为严厉批评、谴责,尤其指来自权威机构或官方的正式批评;作为名词,意为谴责、责难,通常带有正式或官方的性质。
发音 Pronunciation
/ˈsɛn.ʃɚ/
例句 Examples
The committee voted to censure the senator for his misconduct.
委员会投票谴责了这位参议员的不当行为。
Throughout history, governments have used censure as a formal mechanism to express disapproval without resorting to outright removal from office.
纵观历史,各国政府一直将谴责作为一种正式机制,用以表达不满,而无需诉诸直接免职。
词源 Etymology
censure 源自拉丁语 censura,意为"评判、审查",与古罗马的 censor(监察官)一词同源。罗马监察官负责审查公民的道德行为并进行评价。该词经由古法语 censure 传入英语,最初泛指"判断、意见",后逐渐演变为专指"严厉批评"或"正式谴责"的含义。
相关词汇 Related Words
文学作品引用 Literary References
- 在约翰·弥尔顿(John Milton)的《论出版自由》(Areopagitica, 1644)中,censure 被多次使用,探讨了言论审查与公共批评之间的关系。
- 简·奥斯汀(Jane Austen)在《傲慢与偏见》(Pride and Prejudice, 1813)中使用了该词,人物之间常以 censure 表达对他人行为的不满与评判。
- 亚历山大·蒲柏(Alexander Pope)在《批评论》(An Essay on Criticism, 1711)中写道:"'Tis hard to say, if greater want of skill / Appear in writing or in judging ill; / But, of the two, less dangerous is th' offence / To tire our patience, than mislead our sense: / Some few in that, but numbers err in this, / Ten censure wrong for one who writes amiss."